06 февраля 2016г.
The annotation of this article: the course of chronic lead intoxication could be prevented by biological substrates of natural origin: macronutrients, micronutrients, medicinal plants, edible plants, spices, as well as individual amino acids and organic acids.
Аннотация статьи: развитию хронической интоксикации свинцом у работающих препятствуют биологические субстраты природного происхождения: лекарственные растения (патент РФ №2238749), пищевые растения, водоросли, макроэлементы, микроэлементы, а также отдельные аминокислоты и органические кислоты.
Key words: lead, antagonists of natural origin lead: macro elements, microelements (ME), medical plants (MP), edible plants, spices, medicinal preparations (drugs), occupational hazards, occupational diseases, chronic lead intoxication
Besides those who work with lead, the population also is exposed to its harmful effect, because lead is a major anthropogenic pollutant in the industrial regions of Russia.
The primary aim of this work was to search for medicinal preparations (drugs) - intended for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of chronic lead intoxication of those who work in contact with lead. Medicinal preparations selected for this study should have met the following criteria: commonly available, popular, and produced in all regions of the country for many years and as a result of this enjoying public trust. Workers’ medium and low income has also been taken into account.
According to the findings of domestic microelementology, toxicology, professional pathology, food hygiene, vitaminology, fitochemistry, herbal medicine, the following drugs should be used when treating those who work with lead (included in the State Pharmacopoeia of medicines of Russia), with due account for their proven antioxidant, nootropic, metabolic, detoxicating therapeutic effects.
Polyvitaminic, as well as specially selected trace substance complexes are the essential components of lead poisoning prevention.
Trace substance therapy. Lead in vivo is in antagonism with selenium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, iron, sulfur, phosphorus [2]. Medicines containing relevant bioelements should be prescribed in lead poisoning cases. Dried seaweed (kelp, chlorella, spirulina) are known as sources of iodine in the course of lead intoxication. Calcium supplements are also prescribed for such causes as osteopenia of women after 50, especially those preparations made on the basis of seafood, seaweed, soy, egg shell, bone meal, salmon, clams and shell crabs [4].
The magnesium sulfate with its diuretic, choleretic, antispasmodic, anti-stress, detoxicating and neurosedative properties is the champion of detoxification therapy [3]. The extreme magnesium deficiency is typical for patients with stress disorder, as well as for alcohol abusers, diabetics, hypertensive and cardiovascular patients. These disorders are not uncommon among working people. Magnesium is available for the population in the form of magnesium-holding plants (500 mg/g), for example: strawberries, oats seed, parsley, raspberries, oregano, red clover, dandelion, chamomile, fennel and hops [2].
Biostimulators. Both adaptogens and biostimulators comprised of dosage forms of Eleutherococcus, Schizandra, Leuzea, and Aralia –1 tablet or 30-40 drops of it should be taken in the morning, with a break on weekends, holidays and hot season [4].
Amino acids. Taking glutamic acid (GA) has been proven to be effective [1]. Instructions for taking GA is as follows – 3 tablets of 0.25, twice a day for 10-15 minutes before meals, two courses per year during one month [4]. Alpha-lipoic acids are prescribed in cases of assident hepatobiliary pathology, polyneuritis of lower limbs or metabolic acidosis. Methionine is an essential amino acid, a source of SH-groups in the fight against thiol poisons, which include lead as well [4]. Methionine amino acid helps metabolize selenium [2]. One can take average daily dose of selenium 1-2 times a week. Enterosorption effect is achieved through using dietary fibers contained in the offal [2, 4]. The melt-water in an amount of 300-400 grams per day can serve as the optimizing natural factor. The sun’s rays also contribute to lead removal from the body.
Edible plants and products: pectin products are very useful and healthy [1, 2], especially algae, alfalfa, cranberries and pollen. Iodized salt or sea salt are also known as very useful products for the organism. The ration should preferably consist of the products with high content of selenium [2, 4].
According to the standards the workers exposed to lead should be provided with additional 2 grams of pectin in the form of jellies, jams, marmalades, fruit and fruit juices and canned goods [4]. It is recommended to eat oatmeal broth in the form of cereals, fools (kissels), soups, particularly those patients suffering from hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, atherosclerosis, liver steatosis. Dishes made from oats are useful in treating chronic lead poisoning and in detoxification other heavy metals. It is recommended to intake dairy products instead of ordinary milk in cases when there is constant contact with inorganic lead [2,4].
The preventative fitotherapy, or herbal medicine (medical plants only) has been tested on 71 radio installers (27 of them are women), who solder boards with lead solder (patent of Russia № 2238749\2002). Fito-tea is made of the following herbs: horsetail herb, chamomile flowers, clover pharmacy flowers, strawberries forest leaves, leaves of garden sage (salvia officinalis), origanum ( marjoram grass), and caraway fruit in equal proportions. The extracts from medicinal plants in a ratio of 1:20 should be taken by daily dose of a dry mixture of 30 grams, during two weeks two or six times per year [5]. Garlic alcoholate (1:10) could be prescribed as well (since garlic concentrates the sulfur and selenium) should be taken at the standard range 15 drops three times a day, over a period of two weeks twice a year.It is allowable to take hibiscus flower (karkade tea) if necessary, as an alternative to a diuretic .
Since the Middle Ages Cyprus, or Ivan-tea has been used by the peasants as a replacement for expensive Chinese tea. It is a source of essential micronutrients (flavonoids, polysaccharides, bio elements, especially Mn, as well as Cu, Zn, Fe). The water infusion (1: 20) of Ivan-tea produces anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, restorative, antiulcer, nootropic, sedative, laxative and diuretic effects [2].
Tea from the fruit of viburnum, mountain ash, rose, hawthorn, chokeberry, fruit, dogwood, dried fruits of black currant, chicory roots should be taken separately from fito-tea on a regular basis, just like cranberry juice, lemon juice, sea buckthorn juice and chokeberry juice. Such plants-spices as: ginger, mint, mustard, coriander, oregano, thyme, cumin, dill, parsley, onion, garlic, parsnips are suitable for everyday use [4].
List of references
1. Katsnelson B.A., Degtyareva T.D., Privalova L.I. /Principles of biological prevention of professional and environmentally caused diseases from exposure to inorganic substances. – Yekaterinburg: 1999.-107.
2. Kudrin A.V., Skalny A.V., Dzavoronkov, A.A. and al./ Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology of microelements. M.: Publishing House of the KMK., 2000.-537.
3. Mashkovsky M.D. /Medicines: M.: Publ. House of the Medicine, 2012.
4. Occupational disease: Textbook for students of institutions of higher professional education. Editor N.F. Izmerov.- М.: Publishing Centre «Academy», 2013. – P. 423-432,434-458.
5. Sadovskaya N.YU. Patent for invention № 2238749\2002. The Russian Agency for patents and trademarks. Federal Institute of industrial property.-М.:2002.
